羅紹華  博士/博士后

貴州大學(xué)教授、博士生導(dǎo)師、碩士生導(dǎo)師

地址：貴州省貴陽市貴州大學(xué)機(jī)械工程學(xué)院

Email: shluo@gzu.edu.cn

個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)介

貴州省山地智能農(nóng)機(jī)全省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室副主任、省優(yōu)秀青年科技人才、省創(chuàng)新研究群體負(fù)責(zé)人、省“企業(yè)創(chuàng)新崗”特聘專家、中國農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會(huì)新能源農(nóng)業(yè)裝備工程專業(yè)委員會(huì)第一屆常務(wù)委員、中國農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會(huì)高級(jí)會(huì)員、期刊《Fuzzy Information and Engineering》（中科院SCI3區(qū)）Associate Editor、《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào)》（EI檢索）和《江蘇大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》青年編委。

主要從事特種機(jī)電系統(tǒng)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析、電路設(shè)計(jì)與智能控制等方面研究，覆蓋從硬件設(shè)計(jì)、嵌入式開發(fā)到上位機(jī)軟件定制，以及系統(tǒng)集成與部署的全流程技術(shù)鏈。近年來主持了國家自然科學(xué)基金、省自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目、中國博士后科學(xué)基金等研究課題，參與了國家“863計(jì)劃”和國家自然科學(xué)基金（重點(diǎn)、面上和國際（地區(qū)）合作與交流項(xiàng)目）的研究工作。在MEMS/NEMS、自主智能系統(tǒng)、高性能機(jī)電驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)與裝備的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析、集成電路設(shè)計(jì)、智能控制與系統(tǒng)集成等關(guān)鍵科學(xué)技術(shù)方面取得了一定的理論與應(yīng)用成果，在國內(nèi)外權(quán)威學(xué)術(shù)期刊上發(fā)表科研論文70余篇，獲授權(quán)發(fā)明專利30余項(xiàng)（其中美國發(fā)明專利1項(xiàng)和英國發(fā)明專利4項(xiàng)），轉(zhuǎn)化專利5項(xiàng)，獲卓越基金二等獎(jiǎng)，多次在國際學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議上做學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告，具有4年多國企與外資工程師的經(jīng)歷。

研究方向

1. 特種機(jī)電系統(tǒng)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析、電路設(shè)計(jì)與智能控制；

2. 基于ARM/FPGA芯片架構(gòu)的機(jī)電控制系統(tǒng)開發(fā)與應(yīng)用；

3. 智慧農(nóng)業(yè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用；

4. 自適應(yīng)控制、最優(yōu)控制和容錯(cuò)控制。

招生專業(yè)

機(jī)械工程（學(xué)科代碼0802）、電子信息（學(xué)科代碼0854）

不唯分?jǐn)?shù)不唯學(xué)歷不唯論文，歡迎機(jī)械工程（機(jī)電方向優(yōu)先）、自動(dòng)化、電子科學(xué)與技術(shù)、集成電路設(shè)計(jì)與集成系統(tǒng)、數(shù)學(xué)、電氣工程、物理等專業(yè)有志有識(shí)之士（理論研究與工程落地兩手抓）報(bào)考碩博研究生！如想提前進(jìn)組，也熱烈歡迎！

優(yōu)先考慮在機(jī)器人電驅(qū)電控、硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)、嵌入式開發(fā)、C/Verilog編程、測(cè)控、系統(tǒng)集成、智慧農(nóng)業(yè)（數(shù)字化感知、智能化決策、精準(zhǔn)化作業(yè)等）、MEMS與成果轉(zhuǎn)化等方面有豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同學(xué)或?qū)W者加盟課題組。

教育經(jīng)歷

2010.09-2014.06，重慶大學(xué)，機(jī)械工程，博士

2006.09-2009.06，重慶大學(xué)，機(jī)械工程，碩士

2001.09-2005.06，重慶大學(xué)，機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及自動(dòng)化，學(xué)士

2019.01-2020.01，University of Texas，控制科學(xué)與工程

代表性工程落地產(chǎn)品

1.生物顆粒燃料智能上下料系統(tǒng)開發(fā)

2.基于履帶底盤的施肥起壟覆膜一體智能機(jī)

做實(shí)驗(yàn)室的創(chuàng)新者、工程落地的實(shí)干派、田間地頭的踐行者！

代表性科研項(xiàng)目

1.貴州省科學(xué)技術(shù)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目, 黔科合基礎(chǔ)ZD[2025]084, 存感一體耦合微機(jī)電系統(tǒng)芯片的非線性分析與攻防控制研究, 在研, 主持

2.科學(xué)技術(shù)部外國專家項(xiàng)目，DL2023038001L，高性能MEMS陀螺儀的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析與魯棒控制研究，已結(jié)題, 主持；

3.國家自然科學(xué)基金，52065008，MEMS陀螺儀的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)分析與自適應(yīng)控制研究，已結(jié)題，主持；

4.研究生課程思政示范課程項(xiàng)目，KCSZ2021012，先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)，已結(jié)題，主持；

5.省高層次人才創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目，(2021)08，MEMS陀螺儀的動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析與自適應(yīng)穩(wěn)定控制，已結(jié)題，主持

6.省科技廳自然科學(xué)基金，[2020]1Y274，高精度MEMS諧振器的系統(tǒng)建模與自適應(yīng)控制技術(shù)研究，已結(jié)題，主持；

7.國家自然科學(xué)基金，51505170，柔性濾波驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的自適應(yīng)控制方法研究，已結(jié)題，主持；

8.中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目，2015M572445，行星齒輪驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的自適應(yīng)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制研究，已結(jié)題，主持；

9.省教育廳自然科學(xué)基金，[2018]111，伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)的魯棒控制研究，已結(jié)題，主持；

10.中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)創(chuàng)新人才專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目，CDJRC171202，伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為與控制策略研究，已結(jié)題，主持；

11.國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目，51475051，基于仿生耦合界面的新型精密行星傳動(dòng)多場(chǎng)多參量耦合非線性動(dòng)態(tài)特性研究，已結(jié)題，參加；

12.國家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，61933012，動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境下的無人系統(tǒng)先進(jìn)控制理論及自主協(xié)作策略研究，已結(jié)題，參加；

13.國家自然科學(xué)基金國際（地區(qū)）合作與交流項(xiàng)目，61860206008，基于腦操作性條件反射的控制理論及其在柔性靈巧欠驅(qū)機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用，在研，參加；

14.國家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，50735008，新型高性能傳動(dòng)件及系統(tǒng)的可靠性設(shè)計(jì)理論與方法，已結(jié)題，參加。

代表性科研論文

[1] Shaohua Luo, Yongduan Song, Ya Zhang, Hassen M. Ouakad, Modeling, dynamical analysis and neural funnel synchronization control of fractional-order coupled PMSMs [J], IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2025, DOI:10.1109/ TIE.2025. 3595992, SCI1區(qū), IF7.2

[2] Yongzhen Xie, Shaohua Luo*, Fugui Zhang, Guangwei Deng, Hassen M. Ouakad, Dynamic analysis, PCB-based circuit implementation and event-triggered fuzzy neural backstepping control of 3-DOF Duffing-type MEMS resonator [J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2025, 201(2): 117266, SCI1區(qū), IF5.3

[3] Haifeng Deng, Shaohua Luo*, Guangwei Deng, Hassen M. Ouakad, Dynamical analysis, circuit implementation and adaptive backstepping control of the FO MEMS triaxial gyroscope with output constraints [J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2025, 201(1): 117092, SCI1區(qū), IF5.3

[4] Linxue Shen, Shaohua Luo*, Shaobo He, Tingyao Hu, Hassen M. Ouakad, Dynamical analysis and accelerated adaptive prescribed performance control of a small coupling network of MEMS gyros[J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2025, 196:116415, SCI1區(qū), IF5.3

[5] Tingyao Hu, Shaohua Luo*, Ya Zhang, Guangwei Deng, Hassen M. Ouakad, Dynamical analysis and event-triggered neural backstepping control of two duffing-type MEMS gyros with state constraints[J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2024, 189(1): 115691, SCI1區(qū), IF5.3

[6] Shaohua Luo, Yongduan Song, Ya Zhang, Hassen M. Ouakad, Frank L. Lewis, Dynamic analysis and neural-adaptive prescribed-time control of the FO memristive magnetic-field electromechanical transducer [J], IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2025, 55(1): 2168-2267, SCI1區(qū), IF10.5.

[7] Hao Li, Shaohua Luo*, Ya Zhang, Yinquan Yu, Hassen M. Ouakad, Discrete-time event-triggered type-2 fuzzy wavelet neural network tracking control for multi-motor servo system [J], Information Sciences, 2024, 683:121297, SCI1區(qū).

[8] Shaohua Luo, Yongduan Song, Guangwei Deng, Junxing Zhang, Hassen M. Ouakad, Prescribed-Time fault-tolerant control of the FO decoupled dual-mass MEMS gyro with deferred constraints-design and implementation [J], IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man Cybernetics-Systems, 2024, 54(10):6372-6384, SCI1區(qū), IF8.6.

[9] Zhiwei Chen, Shaohua Luo*, Yinquan Yu, Kai Wang, Hassen M. Ouakad, Distributed synchronization method of multi-motor driving system's accelerated backstepping tracking control [J], ISA Transactions, 2024, 152:81-95, SCI2區(qū), IF6.5.

[10]Shaohua Luo, Yongduan Song, Frank L. Lewis, Guangwei Deng, Dynamical analysis, circuit design and fuzzy prescribed performance backstepping control of the FO weakly coupled MEMS resonators [J], IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 2024, 32(4):1768-1781, SCI1區(qū), IF11.9.

[11] Fengyun Li, Shaohua Luo*, Shaobo He, Hassen M.Ouakad, Dynamical analysis and accelerated adaptive backstepping control of MEMS triaxial gyroscope with output constraints [J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2023, 111:17123-17140, SCI2區(qū), IF5.6.

[12]Fengyun Li, Shaohua Luo*, Guanci Yang, Hassen M.Ouakad, Dynamical analysis and accelerated adaptive backstepping funnel control for dual-mass MEMS gyroscope under event trigger[J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2023, 168: 113116, SCI1區(qū), IF9.922.

[13]Shaohua Luo, Yongduan Song, Frank L. Lewis, Roberto Garrappa, Shaobo Li, Dynamic analysis and fuzzy fixed-time optimal synchronization control of unidirectionally coupled FO permanent magnet synchronous generator system [J], IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 2023, 31(5):1742-1755, SCI1區(qū), IF12.253.

[14]Shenghai Zhang, Shaohua Luo*, Shaobo He, Hassen M. Ouakad, Analog circuit implementation and adaptive neural backstepping control of a network of four Duffing-type MEMS resonators with mechanical and electrostatic coupling [J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2022, 162:112534, SCI1區(qū), IF9.922.

[15] Shaohua Luo, Guanci Yang, Junyang Li, Hassen M.Ouakad, Dynamic analysis, circuit realization and accelerated adaptive backstepping control of the FO MEMS gyroscope[J], Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 2022, 155:111735, SCI1區(qū), IF9.922.

[16] Shaohua Luo, Huanhuan Ma, Fengyun Li, Hassen M. Ouakad, Dynamical analysis and chaos control of MEMS resonators by using the analog circuit [J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2022, 108(1):97-112, SCI2區(qū), IF5.741.

[17] Shaohua Luo, Yongduan Song, Frank L. Lewis, Roberto Garrappa, Neuro-adaptive optimal fixed-time synchronization and its circuit realization for unidirectionally coupled FO self-sustained electro-mechanical seismograph systems [J], IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2023, 53(4):2454-2466, SCI1區(qū), IF19.118.

[18] Shaohua Luo, Xuechun Hu, Le Zhao, Shaobo Li, Event-triggered neural adaptive backstepping control of the k chaotic PMSGs coupled system [J], International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2022, 135:107475, SCI2區(qū), IF5.659.

[19] Shaohua Luo, Frank L. Lewis, Yongduan Song, Roberto Garrappa, Dynamical analysis and accelerated optimal stabilization of the fractional-order self-sustained electromechanical seismograph system with fuzzy wavelet neural network [J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2021, 104(2): 1389-1404, SCI2區(qū), IF5.022.

[20] Shaohua Luo, Frank L. Lewis, Yongduan Song, Hassen M. Ouakad, Optimal synchronization of unidirectionally coupled FO chaotic electromechanical devices with the hierarchical neural network [J], IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 2022, 33(3):1192-1202, SCI1區(qū), IF14.255.

[21] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Guanci Yang, Hassen M. Ouakad, Farzad Karami, Dynamical analysis and anti-oscillation-based adaptive control of the FO arch MEMS with optimality[J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2020, 101(1),293-309, SCI2區(qū), IF4.864.

[22] Shaohua Luo, Frank L. Lewis, Yongduan Song, Hassen M. Ouakad, Accelerated adaptive fuzzy optimal control of three coupled fractional-order chaotic electromechanical transducers [J], IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 2021, 29(7):1701-1714, SCI1區(qū), IF12.029.

[23] Shaohua Luo, Frank L. Lewis, Yongduan Song, Kyriakos G. Vamvoudakis, Adaptive backstepping optimal control of a fractional-order chaotic magnetic-field electromechanical transducer [J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2020, 100(1): 523-540, SCI2區(qū), IF4.864.

[24] Shaohua Luo, Junyang Li, Shaobo Li, Jianjun Hu, Dynamical analysis of the fractional-order centrifugal flywheel governor system and its accelerated adaptive stabilization with the optimality [J], International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2020, 118: 105792, SCI2區(qū),IF4.418.

[25] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Farid Tajaddodianfar, Jianjun Hu, Anti-oscillation and chaos control of the fractional-order brushless DC motor system via adaptive echo state networks [J], Journal of the Franklin Institute, 2018, 355(14):6435-6453, SCI2區(qū), IF3.576.

[26] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Trandinh Phung, Jianjun Hu, Chaotic behavior and adaptive control of the arch MEMS resonator with state constraint and sector input [J], IEEE Sensors Journal, 2018, 18(17): 6986-6995, SCI3區(qū), IF2.617.

[27] Shaohua Luo, Ruizhen Gao, Chaos control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with time-varying delay by using adaptive sliding mode control based on DSC [J], Journal of the Franklin Institute, 2018, 355(10):4147-4163, SCI2區(qū), IF3.576.

[28] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Farid Tajaddodianfar, Jianjun Hu, Adaptive synchronization of the fractional-order chaotic arch micro-electro-mechanical system via Chebyshev neural network[J], IEEE Sensors Journal, 2018, 18(9): 3524-3532, SCI3區(qū), IF2.617.

[29] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Farid Tajaddodianfar, Jianjun Hu, Observer-based adaptive stabilization of the fractional-order chaotic MEMS resonator [J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2018, 92(3): 1079-1089, SCI2區(qū), IF4.339.

[30] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Farid Tajaddodianfar, Adaptive chaos control of the fractional-order arch MEMS resonator[J], Nonlinear Dynamics, 2018, 91(1):539-547, SCI2區(qū), IF4.339.

[31] ShaohuaLuo, Yongduan Song, Chaos analysis-based adaptive backstepping control of the micro-electromechanical resonators with constrained output and uncertain time delay [J], IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016, 63(10):6217-6225, SCI1區(qū), IF7.168.

代表性發(fā)明專利

[1] 羅紹華, 李昊, 鄧光偉, 宋永端, 胡雪純. 具有事件觸發(fā)機(jī)制的弱耦合分?jǐn)?shù)階MEMS諧振器加速預(yù)設(shè)性能控制[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202310020104.8.

[2] 羅紹華, 申林雪, 李楓韻, 張鈞星. 具有事件觸發(fā)機(jī)制的雙質(zhì)量MEMS陀螺儀的加速自適應(yīng)反步漏斗控制[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202211550646.8.

[3] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Junyang Li, Guanci Yang, Junxing Zhang, Fuzzy finite-time optimal synchronization control method for fractional-order permanent magnet synchronous generator [P], Invention patent of USA. US11616460B1.

[4]羅紹華, 李楓韻, 楊觀賜, 陳志威. 具有輸出約束的三軸MEMS陀螺儀加速自適應(yīng)反演控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202210937153.3

[5]羅紹華, 李俊陽, 李昊, 李少波. 分?jǐn)?shù)階永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)的模糊有限時(shí)間最優(yōu)同步控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202111246916.1

[6] Shaohua Luo, Junyang Li, Xuechun Hu, Shaobo Li, Adaptive event-triggered control method for permanent magnet synchronous generator coupled chaotic network system [P], Invention patent of England. GB2597380.

[7] 羅紹華, 胡雪純, 肖凱文, 趙樂, 楊觀賜. 永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)耦合混沌網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的自適應(yīng)事件觸發(fā)控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202110525791.X.

[8] 羅紹華, 馬歡歡, 張生海, 李楓韻, 李少波. MEMS諧振器自適應(yīng)混沌控制電路及方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202110405685.8.

[9] 張鈞星, 羅紹華, 李少波, 牛程程, 周鵬, 馮陳定, 趙樂. 一種永磁同步電機(jī)混沌系統(tǒng)自適應(yīng)動(dòng)態(tài)面控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL201811324771.0.

[10] 羅紹華, 趙樂, 李俊陽, 李少波. 互耦分?jǐn)?shù)階混沌機(jī)電換能器加速自適應(yīng)模糊控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL201910819126.4.

[11] 羅紹華, 趙樂, 張鈞星, 李少波. 具有磁滯特性的分?jǐn)?shù)階靜電驅(qū)動(dòng)微機(jī)電系統(tǒng)控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL201910316228.4.

[12] 羅紹華, 李少波, 胡雪純, 宋永端, F. 路易斯. 具有約束的分?jǐn)?shù)階自持式機(jī)電地震儀系統(tǒng)加速穩(wěn)定控制方法[P], 發(fā)明專利. ZL202010157834.9.

[13] 羅紹華，李少波，楊觀賜，周鵬. 一種分?jǐn)?shù)階機(jī)械式離心調(diào)速器系統(tǒng)的加速自適應(yīng)穩(wěn)定方法[P]. 發(fā)明專利. ZL201811520001.3.

[14] Shaohua Luo, Shaobo Li, Lv Yang, Guanci Yang, Accelerated stabilization control method of fractional-order self-sustained electromechanical seismograph system with constraints [P]. Invention patent of England. GB2585988.

[15] 張鈞星，羅紹華，王時(shí)龍，李少波，周鵬. 一種PMSM混沌系統(tǒng)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)反演控制方法[P]. 發(fā)明專利. ZL201910770168.3.

學(xué)術(shù)兼職

擔(dān)任國家自然科學(xué)基金委/教育部相關(guān)人才計(jì)劃評(píng)審專家、國家/省自然科學(xué)基金同行評(píng)議專家、教育部學(xué)位與研究生教育發(fā)展中心研究生學(xué)位論文（碩、博）評(píng)審專家、全國本科畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）抽檢評(píng)審專家、博士學(xué)位論文抽檢評(píng)審專家、國內(nèi)外頂尖學(xué)術(shù)期刊IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics（SCI1區(qū)）, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems（SCI1區(qū)）, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: Systems（SCI1區(qū)）, International Journal of Engineering Science（SCI1區(qū)）, Information Sciences（SCI1區(qū)）, Applied Mathematics and Computation（SCI1區(qū)）, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals（SCI1區(qū)）, Automation in Construction（SCI1區(qū)）, IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics（SCI1區(qū)）, Aerospace Science and Technology（SCI1區(qū)）, Neural Networks（SCI1區(qū)）, Knowledge-Based Systems（SCI1區(qū)），Expert Systems with Applications（SCI1區(qū)）, Nonlinear Dynamics（SCI2區(qū)）, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems（SCI2區(qū)）, Neurocomputing（SCI2區(qū)）, ISA Transactions（SCI2區(qū)）, International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control（SCI2區(qū)）, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence（SCI2區(qū)）, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems（SCI2區(qū)）, IEEE Sensors Journal（SCI2區(qū)）, Journal of the Franklin Institute（SCI2區(qū)）, Engineering Structures（SCI2區(qū)）, Biomedical Signal Processing and Control（SCI2區(qū)）, Case Studies in Thermal Engineering（SCI2區(qū)），Ocean Engineering（SCI2區(qū)）, Biomedical Signal Processing and Control（SCI2區(qū)）, Case Studies in Thermal Engineering（SCI2區(qū)）和Technological Forecasting and Social Change（SSCI1區(qū)）等40余本期刊的同行評(píng)議專家，是學(xué)術(shù)橋評(píng)審專家?guī)斐蓡T、IEEE Member、中國自動(dòng)化學(xué)會(huì)與中國人工智能學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)員、International Conference on Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering聯(lián)席程序委員會(huì)主席和International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Applications、International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation等學(xué)術(shù)委員會(huì)委員。

國際合作與交流

與美國University of Texas、Georgia Institute of Technology、Auburn University、意大利University of Bari、法國巴黎高等師范學(xué)院和阿曼Sultan Qaboos University等機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)者保持良好的科研合作關(guān)系。